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Standard Name

galK

Gene Synonym(s)

ECK0746, b0757, JW0740, galA[1]

Product Desc.

Galactokinase[2]

Product Synonyms(s)

galactokinase[1], B0757[3][1], GalA[3][1], GalK[3][1], ATP:D-galactose 1-phosphotransferase[3][1]

Function from GO

Biological Process

Molecular Function

Cellular Component

Knock-Out Phenotype
Regulation/Expression

transcription unit(s): galETKM[3], OP00032, galETK

Regulation/Activity
Quick Links

DNA display    Protein display    Pubmed(galK)    Textpresso(galK)

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Notes

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Gene

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Nomenclature

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See Help:Gene_nomenclature for help with entering information in the Gene Nomenclature table.

Standard name

galK

Mnemonic

Galactose

Synonyms

ECK0746, b0757, JW0740, galA[1]

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Notes

Location(s) and DNA Sequence

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See Help:Gene_location for help entering information in the Gene Location and DNA sequence table.

StrainMap locationGenome coordinatesGenome browsersSequence links

MG1655

16.99 minutes 

MG1655: 789202..788054
gbrowse_img.php?coord=788054..789202&genome=ecoli&name=MG1655&trackset=0&width=300&.png

REL606

NC_012967: 770608..769460
gbrowse_img.php?coord=769460..770608&genome=REL606&name=NC_012967&trackset=0&width=300&.png

W3110

 

W3110: 790401..789253
gbrowse_img.php?coord=789253..790401&genome=ecoli_W3110&name=W3110&trackset=0&width=300&.png

DH10B

DH10B: 843130..840646
gbrowse_img.php?coord=840646..843130&genome=ecoli_DH10B&name=DH10B&trackset=0&width=300&.png

BW2952

NC_012759: 691022..692170
gbrowse_img.php?coord=691022..692170&genome=BW2952&name=NC_012759&trackset=0&width=300&.png

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Notes

Sequence Features

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See Help:Gene_sequence_features for help in entering sequence features in EcoliWiki.

Feature typeLocationDescription
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Notes

Alleles and Phenotypes

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See Help:Gene_alleles for how to enter or edit alleles and phenotypes in EcoliWiki.

AlleleNt change(s)AA change(s)Phenotype: TypePhenotype: DescriptionReferenceAvailabilityComments

ΔgalK (Keio:JW0740)

deletion

deletion

PMID:16738554

Shigen
CGSC8803[4]

galK

PMID:12519969

ASAP

At position 850 in Plus orientation, does not contain plasmid pKD46.
ASAP strain name: FB20232

ΔgalK2

E coli bacteria was treated with UV radiation to induce mutation in galactose pathway [5]

Galactose is broken down through α-galactose-1-phosphate(GAL-1-P), uridine diphosphogalactose (UDPGal), and uridine diphosphoglucose (UDPG). Three enzymes are used to convert galactose to glycolytic intermediate. Under incubation, galactose mutants were given galactose and ATP and researchers measured the production of galactose-1-phosphate to determine galactokinase activity. Galactose negative mutants showed no galactokinase activity and therefore no production of galacose-1-phosphate. [6]

PMID:17247607 PMID:13390972

galK2(Oc)

PMID:7692254

CGSC:4498

ochre (UAA) mutation

galK35

CGSC:4744

galK30

CGSC:5771

galK16

CGSC:7814

galK42(Am)

CGSC:7968

amber (UAG) mutation

galK48

CGSC:9020

galK8

CGSC:11114

galK0

CGSC:14523

galK900

CGSC:14875

galK24

CGSC:72627

galK62

CGSC:72661

ΔgalK729::kan

PMID:16738554

CGSC:101078


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Notes

Notice: no direct refrence to the isolation of galactose negative mutants of galactokinase 2. Direct publication not identified for galactokinase 2. This shows the isolation of galactokinase mutants, but it should have been found in similar manner. Galk2 mutation is a newer discovery and not quite clear yet.

Genetic Resources

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See Help:Gene_resources for help entering information into the Genetic Resources table.

ResourceResource TypeSourceNotes/Reference

JW0740

Plasmid clone

Shigen

PMID:16769691

Status:Clone OK

Primer 1:GCCAGTCTGAAAGAAAAAACACA

Primer 2:CCGCACTGTCCTGCTCCTTGTGA

nadA57::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG12147 = CGSC7351[4]

est. P1 cotransduction: 75% [7]

zbh-29::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG18493 = CGSC7353[4]

est. P1 cotransduction: 27% [7]
Synonyms:zbi-29::Tn10

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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

DatabaseAccessionNotes

EcoCyc (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoCyc:EG10363

EchoBASE (EcoliWiki Page)

EchoBASE:EB0358

EcoliGenExpDB (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoliGenExpDB:b0757

ECOL199310CYC (EcoliWiki Page)

ECOL199310CYC:C0833

EcoGene (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoGene:EG10363

ECOO157CYC (EcoliWiki Page)

ECOO157CYC:GALK

CGSC (EcoliWiki Page)

CGSC:723

ASAP (EcoliWikiPage)

ASAP:ABE-0002568


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Notes

Links

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Product(s)

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Nomenclature

See Help:Product_nomenclature for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Standard name

GalK

Synonyms

galactokinase[1], B0757[3][1], GalA[3][1], GalK[3][1], ATP:D-galactose 1-phosphotransferase[3][1]

Product description

Galactokinase[2]

EC number (for enzymes)
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Notes

Function

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Gene Ontology
See Help:Gene_ontology for help entering or editing GO terms and GO annotations in EcoliWiki.

QualifierGO IDGO term nameReference(s)Evidence Codewith/fromAspectNotesStatus

GO:0000166

nucleotide binding

GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0547

F

Seeded from EcoCyc [8]

complete

GO:0004335

galactokinase activity

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000003
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR000705
EC:2.7.1.6
HAMAP:MF_00246

F

Seeded from EcoCyc 12.5 [9]

complete

GO:0005524

ATP binding

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000004
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR000705
InterPro:IPR006203
InterPro:IPR006204
InterPro:IPR006206
SP_KW:KW-0067
HAMAP:MF_00246

F

Seeded from EcoCyc 12.5 [9]

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR006206
SP_KW:KW-0963

C

Seeded from EcoCyc 12.5 [9]

complete

GO:0005975

carbohydrate metabolic process

GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0119

P

Seeded from EcoCyc [8]

complete

GO:0006012

galactose metabolic process

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000004
GO_REF:0000020

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR000705
SP_KW:KW-0299
HAMAP:MF_00246

P

Seeded from EcoCyc 12.5 [9]

complete

GO:0008152

metabolic process

GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR006206

P

Seeded from EcoCyc [8]

complete

GO:0016301

kinase activity

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR006204
InterPro:IPR006206
SP_KW:KW-0418

F

Seeded from EcoCyc [8]

complete

GO:0016310

phosphorylation

GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR006204

P

Seeded from EcoCyc [8]

complete

GO:0016740

transferase activity

GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0808

F

Seeded from EcoCyc [8]

complete

GO:0016773

phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor

GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR006206

F

Seeded from EcoCyc [8]

complete

GO:0046835

carbohydrate phosphorylation

GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR000705

P

Seeded from EcoCyc [8]

complete

GO:0006012

galactose metabolic process

PMID:13390972

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

Seeded from EcoCyc 11.1[10].

complete

Under review

GO:0009242

colanic acid biosynthetic process

P

Seeded from EcoCyc 11.1[10].

required field missing

GO:0016052

carbohydrate catabolic process

P

Seeded from EcoCyc 11.1[10].

required fields missing

Under review

GO:0009269

response to desiccation

P

Seeded from EcoCyc 11.1[10].

required field missing

Under review

GO:0042603

capsule

C

Seeded from EcoCyc 11.1[10].

required field missing

GO:0004335

galactokinase activity

PMID:13977183

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

complete

GO:0004335

galactokinase activity

PMID:13390972

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

F

complete

GO:0016310

phosphorylation

PMID:13977183

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

P

Seeded from EcoCyc 12.5 [9]

complete

GO:0016301

kinase activity

GO:0016301

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

Seeded from EcoCyc 12.5 [9]

complete

GO:0006012

galactose metabolic process

PMID:13914787

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

Seeded from EcoCyc 12.5 [9]

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

PMID:4889465

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

C

complete

GO:0033499

galactose catabolic process via UDP-galactose

PMID:16590575

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

Enzyme assays on a variety of gal mutants.

complete

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Interactions See Help:Product_interactions for help entering or editing information about gene product interactions in this section of EcoliWiki.

Partner TypePartnerNotesReferencesEvidence
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Notes

Localization

See Help:Product_localization for how to add or edit information in this section of EcoliWiki.

CompartmentDescriptionEvidenceSourceNotes
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Notes

Structure and Physical Properties

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Physical Properties See Help:Product_physical_properties for help entering or editing information about the physical properties of this gene product.

Sequence

at EcoCyc 

MSLKEKTQSL FANAFGYPAT HTIQAPGRVN LIGEHTDYND GFVLPCAIDY QTVISCAPRD
DRKVRVMAAD YENQLDEFSL DAPIVAHENY QWANYVRGVV KHLQLRNNSF GGVDMVISGN
VPQGAGLSSS ASLEVAVGTV LQQLYHLPLD GAQIALNGQE AENQFVGCNC GIMDQLISAL
GKKDHALLID CRSLGTKAVS MPKGVAVVII NSNFKRTLVG SEYNTRREQC ETGARFFQQP
ALRDVTIEEF NAVAHELDPI VAKRVRHILT ENARTVEAAS ALEQGDLKRM GELMAESHAS
MRDDFEITVP QIDTLVEIVK AVIGDKGGVR MTGGGFGGCI VALIPEELVP AVQQAVAEQY
EAKTGIKETF YVCKPSQGAG QC
Length

382

Mol. Wt

41.44 kDa

pI

6.1 (calculated)

Extinction coefficient

20,400 - 21,525 (calc based on 10 Y, 1 W, and 9 C residues)

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Domains/Motifs/Modification Sites

See Help:Product_domains_motifs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

TypeResiduesDescriptionNotesReferences

Initiator Methionine

1

Removed

UniProt:P0A6T3


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Structure
See Help:Product_structure for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Structures
Models

View models at:

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Structure figures

Notes

Gene Product Resources

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See Help:Product_resources for help with entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource typeSourceNotes/Reference

Purification protocol

PMID:13977183

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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

DatabaseAccessionNotes

EcoCyc (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoCyc:GALACTOKIN-MONOMER

UniProt (EcoliWiki Page)

UniProt:P0A6T3

PFAM (EcoliWiki Page)

PFAM:PF00288

RefSeq (EcoliWiki Page)

RefSeq:NP_415278


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Notes

Links

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Expression

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Overview

This is a placeholder for a summary statement on how expression of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.


Cellular Levels

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See Help:Cellular levels

MoleculeOrganism or StrainCellular levelUnitsMediumTemperature °COther (e.g. anaerobic)Growth rateAssay usedNotesReference(s)
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Notes

Transcription and Transcriptional Regulation

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See Help:Expression_transcription for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Transcription unit(s)

galETKM

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Figure courtesy of RegulonDB

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how transcription of this gene is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Translation and Regulation of Translation

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gbrowse_img.php?coord=789182..789222&genome=ecoli&name=MG1655&trackset=Gene+DNA_+Protein+flip&width=400&figure=Nterm&.png
This picture shows the sequence around the N-terminus.

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how translation of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Turnover and Regulation of Turnover

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about turnover of this gene product. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Experimental

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Mutations Affecting Expression See Help:Expression_mutations for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Allele NameMutationPhenotypeReference
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Expression Studies See Help:Expression_studies for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

TypeReferenceNotes

microarray

GEO Profiles:b0757 (EcoliWiki Page)

NCBI GEO profiles for galK

microarray

GenExpDB:b0757 (EcoliWiki Page)

Summary of data for galK from multiple microarray studies

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Expression Resources See Help:Expression_resources for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource NameResource TypeDescriptionSourceNotes
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Notes

Accessions Related to galK Expression

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DatabaseAccessionNotes

EcoCyc (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoCyc:EG10363

EchoBASE (EcoliWiki Page)

EchoBASE:EB0358

EcoliGenExpDB (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoliGenExpDB:b0757

EcoGene (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoGene:EG10363


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Notes

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Evolution

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Homologs in Other Organisms

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See Help:Evolution_homologs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

OrganismHomologs (Statistics)Comments

Anopheles gambiae

  • ENSANGP00000018617 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 97%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Apis mellifera

  • ENSAPMP00000023635 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 77%)
  • ENSAPMP00000028810 (score: 0.998)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Arabidopsis thaliana

  • AT3G10700 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 50%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Bos taurus

  • ENSBTAP00000019921 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 99%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Caenorhabditis briggsae

  • WBGene00040825 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)
  • WBGene00042999 (score: 0.155)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Caenorhabditis elegans

  • WBGene00006461 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Canis familiaris

  • ENSCAFP00000007327 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 99%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Ciona intestinalis

  • ENSCINP00000010223 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Danio rerio

  • ZDB-GENE-041010-79 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)
  • ZDB-CDNA-041010-79 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Dictyostelium discoideum

  • DDB0231667 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Drosophila melanogaster

  • FBgn0035950 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Drosophila pseudoobscura

  • GA18788-PA (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Gallus gallus

  • ENSGALP00000003627 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 99%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Homo sapiens

  • ENSP00000225614 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 99%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Macaca mulatta

  • ENSMMUP00000028663 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 97%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Monodelphis domestica

  • ENSMODP00000009478 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 97%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Mus musculus

  • MGI:95730 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 99%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Pan troglodytes

  • ENSPTRP00000016406 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Rattus norvegicus

  • ENSRNOP00000008525 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 99%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  • YBR020W (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)
  • YDR009W (score: 0.719)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Takifugu rubripes

  • NEWSINFRUP00000169199 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 98%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Tetraodon nigroviridis

  • GSTENP00003856001 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 98%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Xenopus tropicalis

  • ENSXETP00000027506 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 96%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Shigella flexneri

GALK

From SHIGELLACYC

E. coli O157

GALK

From ECOO157CYC

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Do-It-Yourself Web Tools

Notes

Families

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DatabaseAccessionNotes

PFAM (EcoliWiki Page)

PFAM:PF00288


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Notes

Links

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References

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See Help:References for how to manage references in EcoliWiki.

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 Riley, M. et al. (2006) Nucleic Acids Res 34:1-6 (corrected supplemental data from B. Wanner)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 EcoGene: Rudd, KE (2000) EcoGene: a genome sequence database for Escherichia coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res 28:60-4.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 EcoCyc (release 10.6; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 CGSC: The Coli Genetics Stock Center
  5. ↑ Morse ML et al. (1956) Transduction in Escherichia Coli K-12. Genetics 41: 142-56 PubMed EcoliWiki page
  6. ↑ KURAHASHI K (1957) Enzyme formation in galactose-negative mutants of Escherichia coli. Science 125: 114-6 PubMed EcoliWiki page
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 The Tn10 insertion sites determined by Nichols et al. 1998 (PMID:9829956) were reannotated by alignment with E. coli K-12 genome sequence (GenBank accession NC_000913). P1 contransduction frequencies were calculated using the formula of Wu (PMID:5338813).
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 EcoCyc (release 13.0; 2009) Keseler, IM et al. (2009) Nucleic Acids Res. 37(Database issue):D464-70
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 EcoCyc (release 12.5; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 EcoCyc (release 11.1; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7

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