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Standard Name

gyrA

Gene Synonym(s)

ECK2223, b2231, JW2225, hisW, nalA, parD, nfxA, norA[1]

Product Desc.

DNA gyrase, subunit A[2][3];

Component of DNA gyrase[3]

DNA gyrase, subunit A; nalidixic acid resistance; cold shock regulon[4]

Product Synonyms(s)

DNA gyrase (type II topoisomerase), subunit A[1], B2231[2][1], ParD[2][1], NorA[2][1], NfxA[2][1], NalA[2][1], HisW[2][1], GyrA[2][1]

Function from GO

Cellular Component

Biological Process

Molecular Function

Knock-Out Phenotype
Regulation/Expression

transcription unit(s): gyrA[2], OP00191

Regulation/Activity
Quick Links

DNA display    Protein display    Pubmed(gyrA)    Textpresso(gyrA)

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See Help:Quickview for help with entering information in the Quickview table.

Notes

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gyrA is an essential gene. HT_Cmplx22_Cyt: DnaK+GrpE+GyrA+RpsA.[4]



Gene

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Nomenclature

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See Help:Gene_nomenclature for help with entering information in the Gene Nomenclature table.

Standard name

gyrA

Mnemonic

Gyrase

Synonyms

ECK2223, b2231, JW2225, hisW, nalA, parD, nfxA, norA[1]

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Notes

Location(s) and DNA Sequence

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See Help:Gene_location for help entering information in the Gene Location and DNA sequence table.

StrainMap locationGenome coordinatesGenome browsersSequence links

MG1655

50.32 minutes 

MG1655: 2337442..2334815
gbrowse_img.php?coord=2334815..2337442&genome=ecoli&name=MG1655&trackset=0&width=300&.png

REL606

NC_012967: 2286120..2283493
gbrowse_img.php?coord=2283493..2286120&genome=REL606&name=NC_012967&trackset=0&width=300&.png

W3110

 

W3110: 2344090..2341463
gbrowse_img.php?coord=2341463..2344090&genome=ecoli_W3110&name=W3110&trackset=0&width=300&.png

DH10B

DH10B: 2428430..2425803
gbrowse_img.php?coord=2425803..2428430&genome=ecoli_DH10B&name=DH10B&trackset=0&width=300&.png

BW2952

NC_012759: 2220620..2223247
gbrowse_img.php?coord=2220620..2223247&genome=BW2952&name=NC_012759&trackset=0&width=300&.png

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Notes

Sequence Features

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See Help:Gene_sequence_features for help in entering sequence features in EcoliWiki.

Feature typeLocationDescription
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Notes

Alleles and Phenotypes

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See Help:Gene_alleles for how to enter or edit alleles and phenotypes in EcoliWiki.

AlleleNt change(s)AA change(s)Phenotype: TypePhenotype: DescriptionReferenceAvailabilityComments

gyrAA67S

A67S

(in PPA-10; quinolone-resistant)

Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAG81C

G81C

(in NAL-97; quinolone-resistant)

Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAD678E

D678E

(in strain: 227)

Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAI798IMMI

I798IMMI

(in KL-16; quinolone- resistant)

Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAA828S

A828S

(in strain: 227)

Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAS83A

S83A

Resistant to fluoroquinolones

seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAQ106R

Q106R

Resistant to fluoroquinolones

seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAS83W

S83W

(in PPA-18 and strain 227; quinolone-resistant)

Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAA84P

A84P

(in PPA-05; quinolone-resistant)

Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAD87N

D87N

(in NAL-113 and KL-16; quinolone- resistant)

Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAQ106H

Q106H

(in NAL-89; quinolone-resistant)

Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAD87V

D87V

(in strain: 202; quinolone- resistant)

Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrAS83L

S83L

(in NAL-51, NAL-112, NAL-118 and NAL-119; quinolone-resistant)

Strain variation; seeded from UniProt:P0AES4

gyrA98(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:4735

gyrA20(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:4693

gyrA12(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:5833

gyrA26(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:6591

gyrA39(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:6657

gyrA96(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:6781

gyrA91(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:6799

gyrA93(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:7183

gyrA216(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:7227

gyrA220(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:7261

gyrA218(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:7270

gyrA13(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:8316

gyrA19(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:8423

gyrA111(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:8506

gyrA261(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:8753

gyrA90(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:9163

gyrA99(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:9220

gyrA49

CGSC:9554

gyrA217(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:9588

gyrA223(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:9628

gyrA219(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:9719

gyrA271(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:10266

gyrA260(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:10312

gyrA270(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:10450

[gyrA43](ts)

temperature sensitive

CGSC:10853

gyrA25(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:10898

gyrA21(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:11844

gyrA222(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:12272

gyrA29(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:12928

gyrA17(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:14039

gyrA42(ts)

temperature sensitive

CGSC:17046

gyrA283(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:17056

gyrA44(ts)

temperature sensitive

CGSC:17109

gyrA37(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:19366

gyrA329(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:23665

gyrA284(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:26543

gyrA900

CGSC:73380

gyrA586(NalR)

nalidixic acid resistant

CGSC:90278


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Notes

A Latin American study found that the gyrA single-point mutation has caused E. coli to become resistant to Fluoroquinolones, or antimicrobial drugs. This has resulted in an increase in the number of urinary tract infections. [5]

Genetic Resources

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See Help:Gene_resources for help entering information into the Genetic Resources table.

ResourceResource TypeSourceNotes/Reference

JW2225

Plasmid clone

Shigen

PMID:16769691

Status:Clone OK

Primer 1:GCCAGCGACCTTGCGAGAGAAAT

Primer 2:CCTTCTTCTTCTGGCTCGTCGTC

atoS298::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG12177 gyrA+ = CGSC7525[6]

est. P1 cotransduction: 59% [7]
Synonyms:zeh-298::Tn10, zej-298::Tn10 nnnThe original CAG12177 was NalR. This is a NalS derivative constructed by S. McAteer (CGSC).

zfa-723::Tn10

Linked marker

CAG12178 gyrA+ = CGSC7526[6]

est. P1 cotransduction: 76% [7]
Synonyms:zei-723::Tn10, zfa-723::Tn10 nnnThe original CAG12178 was NalR. This is a NalS derivative constructed by S. McAteer (CGSC).

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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

DatabaseAccessionNotes

EcoCyc (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoCyc:EG10423

EchoBASE (EcoliWiki Page)

EchoBASE:EB0418

EcoliGenExpDB (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoliGenExpDB:b2231

ECOL199310CYC (EcoliWiki Page)

ECOL199310CYC:C2773

EcoGene (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoGene:EG10423

ECOO157CYC (EcoliWiki Page)

ECOO157CYC:GYRA

CGSC (EcoliWiki Page)

CGSC:651

ASAP (EcoliWikiPage)

ASAP:ABE-0007370


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Notes

Links

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Product(s)

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Nomenclature

See Help:Product_nomenclature for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Standard name

GyrA

Synonyms

DNA gyrase (type II topoisomerase), subunit A[1], B2231[2][1], ParD[2][1], NorA[2][1], NfxA[2][1], NalA[2][1], HisW[2][1], GyrA[2][1]

Product description

DNA gyrase, subunit A[2][3];

Component of DNA gyrase[3]

DNA gyrase, subunit A; nalidixic acid resistance; cold shock regulon[4]

EC number (for enzymes)
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Notes

Function

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Gene Ontology
See Help:Gene_ontology for help entering or editing GO terms and GO annotations in EcoliWiki.

QualifierGO IDGO term nameReference(s)Evidence Codewith/fromAspectNotesStatus

GO:0003677

DNA binding

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR002205
InterPro:IPR005743
InterPro:IPR006691
InterPro:IPR013757
InterPro:IPR013758
InterPro:IPR013760
SP_KW:KW-0238

F

Seeded from EcoCyc 12.5 [8]

complete

GO:0003916

DNA topoisomerase activity

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR006691
SP_KW:KW-0799

F

Seeded from EcoCyc [9]

complete

GO:0003918

DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000003

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR002205
InterPro:IPR005743
InterPro:IPR013757
InterPro:IPR013758
InterPro:IPR013760
EC:5.99.1.3

F

Seeded from EcoCyc 12.5 [8]

complete

GO:0005524

ATP binding

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR002205
InterPro:IPR005743
InterPro:IPR006691
InterPro:IPR013757
InterPro:IPR013758
InterPro:IPR013760

F

Seeded from EcoCyc [9]

complete

GO:0005694

chromosome

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR002205
InterPro:IPR005743
InterPro:IPR006691
InterPro:IPR013757
InterPro:IPR013758
InterPro:IPR013760

C

Seeded from EcoCyc [9]

complete

GO:0006265

DNA topological change

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR002205
InterPro:IPR005743
InterPro:IPR006691
InterPro:IPR013757
InterPro:IPR013758
InterPro:IPR013760

P

Seeded from EcoCyc 12.5 [8]

complete

GO:0006268

DNA unwinding during replication

GO_REF:0000002
GO_REF:0000002

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

InterPro:IPR005743
InterPro:IPR006691

P

Seeded from EcoCyc 12.5 [8]

complete

GO:0016853

isomerase activity

GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0413

F

Seeded from EcoCyc [9]

complete

GO:0046677

response to antibiotic

GO_REF:0000004

IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation

SP_KW:KW-0046

P

Seeded from EcoCyc [9]

complete

GO:0005624

membrane fraction

PMID:16858726

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

C

Seeded from EcoCyc [9]

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

PMID:16858726

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

C

Seeded from EcoCyc [9]

complete

GO:0005739

mitochondrion

PMID:16858726

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

C

Seeded from EcoCyc [9]

complete

GO:0006261

DNA-dependent DNA replication

PMID:227840

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

Seeded from EcoCyc 11.1[3].

gyrA(ts)

complete

GO:0042493

response to drug

PMID:6178722

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

complete

GO:0003918

DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity

PMID:368801

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

With GyrB

Purified E. coli gyrase was shown to induce cleavage and supercoiling in ColE1 DNA in the presence of ATP, but not after the addition of novobiocin or coumermycin A1 (Figure 2). Supercoiling of DNA was monitored by agarose gel electrophoresis (Figure 2A), while the hydrolysis of ATP was measured by following the release of 32-Pi measured by thin layer chromatography (Figure 2B).

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

PMID:6294616

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

E. coli gyrase incubated with radiolabeled ColE1 DNA and passed over nitrocellulose filters. The complexes were retained on the filters and radioactivity of the filters was measured and reported in Figure 1.

complete

GO:0042493

response to drug

PMID:770163

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

Oxolinic acid (Quinolone)

complete

GO:0042493

response to drug

PMID:4208771

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

Naladixic Acid (Quinolone)

complete

GO:0003677

DNA binding

PMID:1851291

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

The C-terminal domain of GyrA (572-857aa) was shown to bind and retard the movement of a 147bp fragment of ColE1 DNA through a 5% polyacrylamide gel (Figure 2).

complete

GO:0009330

DNA topoisomerase complex (ATP-hydrolyzing)

PMID:347446

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

C

E. coli gyrase consists of the gene products of gyrA and gyrB genes (Figures 2 & 7).

complete

GO:0008094

DNA-dependent ATPase activity

PMID:6094559

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

F

GyrA and DNA (bound to GyrA) are required for ATPase activity of GyrB (Figure 1).

complete

GO:0006265

DNA topological change

PMID:6327603

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

Nucleoids from E. coli cells containing DNA labeled with [methyl-3H]thymidine were isolated and separated using an ethidium bromide-containing sucrose density gradient. The sedimentation profiles were reported for gyrA and gyrB temperature-sensitive mutants at the permissive and non-permissive temperatures (Figure 1 & 2). The ethidium bromide concentration is proportional to superhelical density, meaning that less supercoiled DNA from a gyrase mutant grown at the non-permissive temperature requires a lower concentration of ethidium bromide.

complete

GO:0006350

transcription

PMID:15535863

IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype

P

The authors used 3 conditions (treatment with either a quinolone or coumarin anitbiotic or growth of a gyrAts mutant at non-permissive temperature) to alter negative supercoiling of DNA and measured the changes in gene expression by microarray analysis. More than 300 SSGs (supercoiling sensitive genes) were identified that responded rapidly to the experimental conditions.

complete

GO:0005737

cytoplasm

PMID:7952188

IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay

C

Immunogold labeling of cells with anti-GyrA antibodies indicated the presence of GyrA in the cytoplasm of E. coli.

complete

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Interactions See Help:Product_interactions for help entering or editing information about gene product interactions in this section of EcoliWiki.

Partner TypePartnerNotesReferencesEvidence

Protein

Subunits of DNA gyrase

could be indirect

Protein

ycgC

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

aceF

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

add

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

clpA

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

dnaJ

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

dnaK

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

ffh

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

ftsZ

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

glyS

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

zraS

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

lpdA

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

malK

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

metK

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

pstB

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

recA

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

rho

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

rpsB

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

tufA

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206, EBI-891237

Protein

yjfZ

PMID:15690043

Experiment(s):EBI-884206

Protein

argS

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1142253

Protein

idnO

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1142253

Protein

rpsB

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1142253

Protein

yfaS

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1142253

Protein

aspC

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1142253

Protein

nrdI

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1142253

Protein

rtcB

PMID:16606699

Experiment(s):EBI-1142253

Protein

GyrB

The binding of gyrase to DNA: analysis by retention by nitrocellulose filters. Higgins & Cozzarelli (1982)[10]
Purification of subunits of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase and reconstitution of enzymatic activity. Higgins et al. (1978) [11]

Small Molecule

Naladixic Acid

Studies on the mechanism of action of nalidixic acid. Bourguignon et al. (1973) [12]

Small Molecule

Oxolinic acid

Replication of Escherichia coli DNA in vitro: inhibition by oxolinic acid. Staudenbauer (1976) [13]

DNA

DNA

The C-terminal domain of GyrA is sufficient to bind DNA (residues 572-875).

The C-terminal domain of the Escherichia coli DNA gyrase A subunit is a DNA-binding protein. Reece & Maxwell (1991) [14]


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Notes

Localization

See Help:Product_localization for how to add or edit information in this section of EcoliWiki.

CompartmentDescriptionEvidenceSourceNotes
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Notes

Structure and Physical Properties

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Physical Properties See Help:Product_physical_properties for help entering or editing information about the physical properties of this gene product.

Sequence

at EcoCyc 

MSDLAREITP VNIEEELKSS YLDYAMSVIV GRALPDVRDG LKPVHRRVLY AMNVLGNDWN
KAYKKSARVV GDVIGKYHPH GDSAVYDTIV RMAQPFSLRY MLVDGQGNFG SIDGDSAAAM
RYTEIRLAKI AHELMADLEK ETVDFVDNYD GTEKIPDVMP TKIPNLLVNG SSGIAVGMAT
NIPPHNLTEV INGCLAYIDD EDISIEGLME HIPGPDFPTA AIINGRRGIE EAYRTGRGKV
YIRARAEVEV DAKTGRETII VHEIPYQVNK ARLIEKIAEL VKEKRVEGIS ALRDESDKDG
MRIVIEVKRD AVGEVVLNNL YSQTQLQVSF GINMVALHHG QPKIMNLKDI IAAFVRHRRE
VVTRRTIFEL RKARDRAHIL EALAVALANI DPIIELIRHA PTPAEAKTAL VANPWQLGNV
AAMLERAGDD AARPEWLEPE FGVRDGLYYL TEQQAQAILD LRLQKLTGLE HEKLLDEYKE
LLDQIAELLR ILGSADRLME VIREELELVR EQFGDKRRTE ITANSADINL EDLITQEDVV
VTLSHQGYVK YQPLSEYEAQ RRGGKGKSAA RIKEEDFIDR LLVANTHDHI LCFSSRGRVY
SMKVYQLPEA TRGARGRPIV NLLPLEQDER ITAILPVTEF EEGVKVFMAT ANGTVKKTVL
TEFNRLRTAG KVAIKLVDGD ELIGVDLTSG EDEVMLFSAE GKVVRFKESS VRAMGCNTTG
VRGIRLGEGD KVVSLIVPRG DGAILTATQN GYGKRTAVAE YPTKSRATKG VISIKVTERN
GLVVGAVQVD DCDQIMMITD AGTLVRTRVS EISIVGRNTQ GVILIRTAED ENVVGLQRVA
EPVDEEDLDT IDGSAAEGDD EIAPEVDVDD EPEEE
Length

875

Mol. Wt

96.964 kDa

pI

5.0 (calculated)

Extinction coefficient

52,260 - 52,760 (calc based on 24 Y, 3 W, and 4 C residues)

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Domains/Motifs/Modification Sites

See Help:Product_domains_motifs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

TypeResiduesDescriptionNotesReferences
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Structure
See Help:Product_structure for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Structures
Models

View models at:

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Structure figures

Notes

Gene Product Resources

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See Help:Product_resources for help with entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource typeSourceNotes/Reference
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Notes

Accessions in Other Databases

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

DatabaseAccessionNotes

EcoCyc (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoCyc:EG10423-MONOMER

SwissModel (EcoliWiki Page)

SwissModel:P0AES4

UniProt (EcoliWiki Page)

UniProt:P0AES4

PFAM (EcoliWiki Page)

PFAM:PF00521

RefSeq (EcoliWiki Page)

RefSeq:NP_416734


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Notes

Links

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Expression

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Overview

This is a placeholder for a summary statement on how expression of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.


Cellular Levels

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See Help:Cellular levels

MoleculeOrganism or StrainCellular levelUnitsMediumTemperature °COther (e.g. anaerobic)Growth rateAssay usedNotesReference(s)
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Notes

Transcription and Transcriptional Regulation

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See Help:Expression_transcription for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Transcription unit(s)

gyrA

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Figure courtesy of RegulonDB

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how transcription of this gene is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Translation and Regulation of Translation

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gbrowse_img.php?coord=2337422..2337462&genome=ecoli&name=MG1655&trackset=Gene+DNA_+Protein+flip&width=400&figure=Nterm&.png
This picture shows the sequence around the N-terminus.

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about how translation of this gene product is regulated. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Turnover and Regulation of Turnover

Notes

This is a placeholder for a summary statement about turnover of this gene product. You can help EcoliWiki by becoming a user and writing/editing this statement.

Experimental

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Mutations Affecting Expression See Help:Expression_mutations for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Allele NameMutationPhenotypeReference
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Expression Studies See Help:Expression_studies for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

TypeReferenceNotes

microarray

GEO Profiles:b2231 (EcoliWiki Page)

NCBI GEO profiles for gyrA

microarray

GenExpDB:b2231 (EcoliWiki Page)

Summary of data for gyrA from multiple microarray studies

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Expression Resources See Help:Expression_resources for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

Resource NameResource TypeDescriptionSourceNotes
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Accessions Related to gyrA Expression

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See Help:Gene_accessions for help with entering information into the Gene Accessions table.

DatabaseAccessionNotes

EcoCyc (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoCyc:EG10423

EchoBASE (EcoliWiki Page)

EchoBASE:EB0418

EcoliGenExpDB (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoliGenExpDB:b2231

EcoGene (EcoliWiki Page)

EcoGene:EG10423


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Notes

Links

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Evolution

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Homologs in Other Organisms

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See Help:Evolution_homologs for help entering or editing information in this section of EcoliWiki.

OrganismHomologs (Statistics)Comments

Anopheles gambiae

  • ENSANGP00000029476 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Arabidopsis thaliana

  • AT3G10690 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Bos taurus

  • ENSBTAP00000025654 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Macaca mulatta

  • ENSMMUP00000011728 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Oryza gramene

  • Q75HI0 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)
  • Q7XZF7 (score: 0.984)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Xenopus tropicalis

  • ENSXETP00000015155 (score: 1.000; bootstrap: 100%)

From Inparanoid:20070104

Shigella flexneri

GYRA

From SHIGELLACYC

E. coli O157

GYRA

From ECOO157CYC

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Notes

Families

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DatabaseAccessionNotes

PFAM (EcoliWiki Page)

PFAM:PF00521


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References

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  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 Riley, M. et al. (2006) Nucleic Acids Res 34:1-6 (corrected supplemental data from B. Wanner)
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 EcoCyc (release 10.6; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 EcoCyc (release 11.1; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 EcoGene: Rudd, KE (2000) EcoGene: a genome sequence database for Escherichia coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res 28:60-4.
  5. ↑ Gales AC et al. (2000) Occurrence of single-point gyrA mutations among ciprofloxacin-susceptible Escherichia coli isolates causing urinary tract infections in Latin America. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 36: 61-4 PubMed EcoliWiki page
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 CGSC: The Coli Genetics Stock Center
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 The Tn10 insertion sites determined by Nichols et al. 1998 (PMID:9829956) were reannotated by alignment with E. coli K-12 genome sequence (GenBank accession NC_000913). P1 contransduction frequencies were calculated using the formula of Wu (PMID:5338813).
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 EcoCyc (release 12.5; 2007) Keseler, IM et al. (2005) Nucleic Acids Res. 33(Database issue):D334-7
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 EcoCyc (release 13.0; 2009) Keseler, IM et al. (2009) Nucleic Acids Res. 37(Database issue):D464-70
  10. ↑ Higgins NP & Cozzarelli NR (1982) The binding of gyrase to DNA: analysis by retention by nitrocellulose filters. Nucleic Acids Res 10: 6833-47 PubMed EcoliWiki page
  11. ↑ Higgins NP et al. (1978) Purification of subunits of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase and reconstitution of enzymatic activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 75: 1773-7 PubMed EcoliWiki page
  12. ↑ Bourguignon GJ et al. (1973) Studies on the mechanism of action of nalidixic acid. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 4: 479-86 PubMed EcoliWiki page
  13. ↑ Staudenbauer WL (1976) Replication of Escherichia coli DNA in vitro: inhibition by oxolinic acid. Eur J Biochem 62: 491-7 PubMed EcoliWiki page
  14. ↑ Reece RJ & Maxwell A (1991) The C-terminal domain of the Escherichia coli DNA gyrase A subunit is a DNA-binding protein. Nucleic Acids Res 19: 1399-405 PubMed EcoliWiki page

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